[ES] Query

Basic Concept: https://logz.io/blog/elasticsearch-queries/

42 query examples: https://coralogix.com/blog/42-elasticsearch-query-examples-hands-on-tutorial/

Concepts

1. Match Query - 返回哪些text中包含搜索的关键词

   1. example query

       POST employees/_search
       {
         "query": {
           "match": {
             "phrase": {
               "query" : "heuristic"
             }
           }
         }
       }
      

   2. Search phrase instead of a word

       POST employees/_search
       {
         "query": {
           "match": {
             "phrase": {
               "query" : "heuristic roots help",
       				"operator" : "AND",
       				"minimum_should_match": 3
             }
           }
         }
       }
      

   3. Multi Fields Query

       POST employees/_search
       {
         "query": {
           "multi_match": {
               "query" : "research help"
               , "fields": ["position","phrase"]
           }
         }
       }
      

   4. Match phrase

       GET employees/_search
       {
         "query": {
           "match_phrase": {
             "phrase": {
               "query": "roots heuristic coherent",
       				"slop": 1
             }
           }
         }
       }
      

   5. Match phrase prefix

       GET employees/_search
       {
       "_source": [ "phrase" ],
         "query": {
           "match_phrase_prefix": {
             "phrase": {
               "query": "roots heuristic co",
       				"max_expansions": 60
             }
           }
         }
       }
      

2. Term Query - 返回文本中的精确查找

   1. Query exact values

       POST employees/_search
       {
         "query": {
           "terms": {
             "gender": [
               "female",
               "male"
             ]
           }
         }
       }
      

   2. Exist query

       GET employees/_search
       {
           "query": {
               "exists": {
                   "field": "company"
               }
           }
       }
      

   3. Range query

       POST employees/_search
       {
           "query": {
               "range" : {
                   "experience" : {
                       "gte" : 5,
                       "lte" : 10
                   }
               }
           }
       }
      

   4. Id query

       POST employees/_search
       {
           "query": {
               "ids" : {
                   "values" : ["1", "4"]
               }
           }
       }
      

   5. Prefix query

       GET employees/_search
       {
         "query": {
           "prefix": {
             "name": "al"
           }
         }
       }
      

   6. Wildcard Query

       GET employees/_search
       {
           "query": {
               "wildcard": {
                   "country": {
                       "value": "c*a"
                   }
               }
           }
       }
      

   7. Regex query

       GET employees/_search
       {
         "query": {
           "regexp": {
             "position": "res[a-z]*"
           }
         }
       }
      

   8. Fuzzy query

       GET employees/_search
       {
         "query": {
           "fuzzy": {
             "country": {
               "value": "Chnia",
               "fuzziness": "2"
             }
           }
         }
       }
      

3. Boosting

    POST employees/_search
    {
        "query": {
            "multi_match" : {
                "query" : "versatile Engineer",
                "fields": ["position^3", "phrase"]
            }
        }
    }
   

4. Sort

   1. Sort by a field

       GET employees/_search
       {
          "_source": ["name","experience","salary"], 
         "sort": [
           {
             "experience": {
               "order": "desc"
             }
           }
         ]
              
       }
      

   2. Sort by multiple field

       GET employees/_search
       {
         "_source": [
           "name",
           "experience",
           "salary"
         ],
         "sort": [
           {
             "experience": {
               "order": "desc"
             }
           },
           {
             "salary": {
               "order": "desc"
             }
           }
         ]
       }
      

5. Compound query

   1. Bool 下面一共可以放这些字段

      must	The conditions or queries in this must occur in the documents to consider them a match. Also, this contributes to the score value.  Eg: if we keep query A and query B in the must section, each document in the result would satisfy both the queries, ie query A AND query B
      should	The conditions/queries should match.   Result = query A OR query B
      filter	Same as the must clause, but the score will be ignored
      must_not	The conditions/queries specified must not occur in the documents. Scoring is ignored and kept as 0 as the results are ignored.

       POST _search
       {
         "query": {
           "bool" : {
             "must" : [],
             "filter": [],
             "must_not" : [],
             "should" : []
           }
         }
       }
      

   2. Multiple conditions

       POST employees/_search
       {
         "query": {
           "bool": {
             "must": [
               {
                 "match": {
                   "position": "manager"
                 }
               },
               {
                 "range": {
                   "experience": {
                     "gte": 12
                   }
                 }
               }
             ],
           "should": [
             {
               "match": {
                 "phrase": "versatile"
               }
             }
           ]
           }
         }
       }
      

   3. Condition combo

      如果要查询下面这样的SQL，对应的condition是？

       SQL: (company = Yamaha OR company = Yozio ) AND (position = manager OR position = associate ) AND (salary>=100000)
      

       POST employees/_search
       {
           "query": {
               "bool": {
                   "must": [
                     {
                       "bool": {
                           "should": [{
                               "match": {
                                   "company": "Talane"
                               }
                           }, {
                               "match": {
                                   "company": "Yamaha"
                               }
                           }]
                       }
                   }, 
                   {
                       "bool": {
                           "should": [
                             {
                               "match": {
                                   "position": "manager"
                               }
                           }, {
                               "match": {
                                   "position": "Associate"
                               }
                           }
                           ]
                       }
                   }, {
                       "bool": {
                           "must": [
                             {
                               "range": {
                                 "salary": {
                                   "gte": 100000
                                 }
                               }
                             }
                             ]
                       }
                   }]
               }
           }
       }
      

   4. Boosting

       POST  employees/_search
       {
           "query": {
               "boosting" : {
                   "positive" : {
                       "match": {
                         "country": "china"
                       }
                   },
                   "negative" : {
                        "match": {
                         "company": "Talane"
                       }
                   },
                   "negative_boost" : 0.5
               }
           }
       }
      

   5. Function score
      1. Change the score of search documents by weight

          GET employees/_search
          {
          "_source": ["position","phrase"], 
            "query": {
              "function_score": {
                "query": {
                  "match": {
                    "position": "manager"
                  }
                },
                "functions": [
                  {
                    "filter": {
                      "match": {
                        "phrase": "coherent"
                      }
                    },
                    "weight": 2
                  },
                  {
                    "filter": {
                      "match": {
                        "phrase": "emulation"
                      }
                    },
                    "weight": 10
                  }
                ],
                "score_mode": "multiply", 
                "boost": "5",
                "boost_mode": "multiply"
              }
            }
          }